The detection identifies potential HDD reprogramming activity associated with Equation Group malware, which may indicate unauthorized low-level disk manipulation. SOC teams should proactively hunt for this behavior in Azure Sentinel to detect advanced persistent threats that could compromise data integrity and system control.
rule Equation_Kaspersky_HDD_reprogramming_module
{
meta:
description = "Equation Group Malware - HDD reprogramming module"
author = "Florian Roth"
reference = "http://goo.gl/ivt8EW"
date = "2015/02/16"
hash = "ff2b50f371eb26f22eb8a2118e9ab0e015081500"
strings:
$mz = { 4d 5a }
$s0 = "nls_933w.dll" fullword ascii
$s1 = "BINARY" fullword wide
$s2 = "KfAcquireSpinLock" fullword ascii
$s3 = "HAL.dll" fullword ascii
$s4 = "READ_REGISTER_UCHAR" fullword ascii
condition:
( $mz at 0 ) and filesize < 300000 and all of ($s*)
}
This YARA rule can be deployed in the following contexts:
This rule contains 6 string patterns in its detection logic.
Scenario: System Maintenance Task - HDD Firmware Update via Vendor Tools
Description: A legitimate system administrator uses vendor-provided tools (e.g., Seagate SeaTools, Western Digital DataLifeGuard) to update or reprogram HDD firmware as part of routine maintenance.
Filter/Exclusion: Exclude processes initiated by known vendor tools or signed by the vendor’s certificate (e.g., SeaTools.exe, WDDataLifeGuard.exe).
Scenario: Scheduled Disk Diagnostic Job
Description: A scheduled job runs disk diagnostics using tools like chkdsk or CrystalDiskInfo to check for disk errors or health issues.
Filter/Exclusion: Exclude processes associated with chkdsk.exe or CrystalDiskInfo.exe that are part of a known maintenance schedule.
Scenario: Admin Task - Disk Partitioning or Reformatting
Description: An administrator uses tools like diskpart or parted to reformat or re-partition a disk during system setup or migration.
Filter/Exclusion: Exclude processes initiated by diskpart.exe or parted commands executed by users with administrative privileges during known maintenance windows.
Scenario: Storage Array Management Tool Usage
Description: A storage administrator uses enterprise storage management tools (e.g., EMC PowerPath, HP Storage Essentials) to manage or reconfigure storage arrays, which may involve low-level disk operations.
Filter/Exclusion: Exclude processes associated with known storage management tools (e.g., PowerPath.exe, hpssacli.exe) or those running under the storage admin group.
Scenario: Antivirus or Endpoint Protection Scan
Description: An endpoint protection tool (e.g., Bitdefender, Kaspersky) performs a deep scan that includes disk-level operations or firmware checks.
Filter/Exclusion: